| Philosophy | Written Works | Accomplishment | |
| John Stuart Mill
British 1806-1873 |
government should work for the well-being of all | "The System of Logic"
"Principles of Political Economy" |
promoted female emancipation |
| Jeremy Bentham
English 1748-1832 |
theory of utilitarianism
every act of society should be judged in terms of its usefulness |
"Fragment on Government"
"Principles of Morals and Legislation" |
utilitarianism
only that is useful is valueable |
| Adam Smith
Scottish 1723-1790 |
except for limited functions(defense justice, certain public works) the state should refrain from interfering with the ecomomic life of a nations supply & demand and competition regulate the economy | "Wealth of Nations" | called the father of modern economics &
laisse faire capitalism |
| Robert Owen
Welsh 1771-1858 |
human character would be greatly improved in a cooperative society rather than in the traditional family | "New Views on Society" | Utopian Socialism
New Lanark textile mills Lanarkshire, Scotland |
| Thomas Malthus
English 1766-1834 |
population increase posed the greatest threat to human progress | "An Essay on the Principle of Population" | ideas used to develop concept of supply and demand or market economy |
| Karl Marx
German 1818-1883 |
society passes through stages based on property ownership
and classes
Stages of the class struggle in history TRIBES Shared Work Shared Property SLAVERY Slaveowners;Slaves FEUDALISM Landowners;serfs CAPITALISM Capitalists;Proletariat COMMUNISM Classless Society ---"From each according to his abilities, to each according to his needs." |
"Dialectical Materialism"
"Communist Manifesto" "Das Kapital" written with Engles |
father of Marxism/
Communism/Socialsim based on his theories social democracy scientific socialism (all similar theories just different names) |
| David Ricardo
British 1772-1823 |
combined ideas of Smith and Malthus believed that supply and demand determined wages | "Principles of Political Economy and Taxation" | impacted Karl Marx |