II. Manchu (Qing)
A. Opium Wars
1. Fought by warlords
B. Boxer Rebellion
1. Fought by Secret Society members at the urging of Tzu-Hsi in an attempt to rid China of the European powers
III. Abdication of Pu Yi 1912
A. Republic
1. President Sun Yat Sen
2. Rule of the Warlords
a. Death of Sun Yat Sen 1925
IV. Civil War (A Split in the Kuomintang)
A. Nationalist
1. Jiang Jeije (Chiang Kai-shek)
B. Communists
1. Mao Zedong (Mao Tse Tung)
2. 1937 Long March
V. World War II (1931-1945)
A. Short truce between the two forces
B. Following World War II the Communist forces who had introduced great land and tax reforms gain the support of the peasant.
1. By 1949 Nationalists forced to retreat to Taiwan and established a government there
VI. Republic of China
A. Communist Party with Mao Zedong at the head of the Central Committee and the Politburo
1. Not recognized by the United States
B. Economic Recovery (1950's)
1. Five Year Plans
2. Great Leap Forward
a. Both failed miserably and left the people facing food shortages
C. Cultural Revolution (1966)
1. As a result of the drastic change needed launched to eradicate the old guard
a. Led by students called the Red Guard
D. Official Recognition (1972)
1. Admission into the United Nations replacing Tiawan
E. Deng Xiaoping
1. Took control after the death of Mao Zedong in 1976
F. Jiang Zemin
1. Took control after the death of Deng Xiaping in 1997